Multi-Energy Complementarity of Wind, Solar, Hydrogen, and Storage: Integration and Optimization of Home New Energy Systems

Multi-Energy Complementarity of Wind, Solar, Hydrogen, and Storage: Integration and Optimization of Home New Energy Systems

A multi-energy complementary system integrating wind, solar, hydrogen, and storage technologies is a comprehensive energy solution for homes. It aims to overcome the limitations of single energy sources by achieving high self-sufficiency in household electricity, long-term backup power, and efficient utilization of green energy through the coordinated generation, conversion, and storage of multiple energy sources. This represents the future development direction of home new energy systems.

The core of the system configuration is the coordinated integration of its various units. Solar photovoltaic panels and wind turbines, as the main power generation units, are responsible for capturing renewable energy. Storage batteries (such as lithium batteries) serve as short-term storage units, smoothing out short-term fluctuations in daily power generation and consumption, and providing immediate power. The hydrogen system plays the role of a "long-term, large-scale energy storage unit": when wind and solar power generation is sufficient and the batteries are full, excess electricity is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and store it safely; during prolonged periods of power shortage due to continuous cloudy and windless weather, the stored hydrogen is used to stably generate electricity through fuel cells or hydrogen generators, thus ensuring uninterrupted household power supply.

The goal of operational optimization is to achieve high efficiency and reliability of the system throughout the year. This relies on an intelligent energy management system. This system needs to dynamically optimize its operating strategies based on weather forecasts, electricity consumption habits, energy storage status, and hydrogen inventory. For example, if strong winds and sunny days are predicted for the next few days, the system will reserve battery space in advance to store the upcoming surplus electricity; if continuous rain is predicted, it will use the surplus electricity to produce hydrogen for storage in advance, and rationally schedule battery discharge and fuel cell startup. The core of optimization is to ensure the highest overall efficiency and lowest cost of the "electricity-hydrogen-electricity" conversion chain, while prioritizing the electricity needs of critical household loads.

This multi-energy complementary integrated system provides a new approach to solving the fundamental problem of unstable wind and solar power generation. It combines short-term battery energy storage with long-term hydrogen energy storage, forming a complete energy storage solution from hourly to quarterly levels. This allows households to obtain stable and reliable green electricity even in extreme weather conditions, representing an advanced path to achieve complete energy independence and deep decarbonization.